Corrections, Retractions & Post-publication Discussion

The published record must remain accurate and transparent. Authors and readers should notify editor@jmhmr.com promptly of a significant error, giving the article citation and evidence.

Corrections

A correction addresses a material error that affects interpretation, attribution or essential information while the article’s principal findings remain reliable. Substantive changes are explained in a dated notice linked to the article. Minor typographical changes that do not affect meaning may be handled without a separate notice.

Expressions of concern and retractions

An expression of concern may be issued when a serious issue remains unresolved and readers need to be alerted. Retraction may be necessary when findings are unreliable, research is unethical, or serious publication misconduct or duplication undermines the work. Decisions are evidence-based and made by an unconflicted editor, with authors given an opportunity to respond.

Retracted articles normally remain accessible, clearly labelled and linked to a notice explaining the reason and who is retracting the work. Substantive errors are not concealed by silently replacing the original article. Exceptional removal may be considered for compelling legal or privacy reasons, while preserving a notice where possible.

Scholarly discussion

Evidence-based letters and critiques are welcome. Comments must address the work respectfully, disclose competing interests and provide supporting references. Authors may be invited to respond. Critiques and replies undergo editorial assessment and may be externally reviewed.

Policy enquiries: editor@jmhmr.com · Updated 1 October 2026.